There are many risks associated with different pension plans. At the macro level, changes in technology and employment dynamics are likely to impact all pension schemes.
In the future, there will be less people in formal employment. The rise of the gig economy and informal entrepreneurship pose the risk for underfunded schemes. Whereas underfunded schemes were largely a risk of developed countries where birth rates have significantly declined leaving too many retirees without young workers making the contributions, it is something to worry now in developing countries.
…